Top 10 country houses in North America

This post presents the top 10 country houses and their landscapes in North America as selected by our panel of experts. There aren’t that many true country houses in North America that embody the tradition that originated in Europe or were designed with those old-world classical architectural styles. In a contest that also encompassed Europe, the Top 10 would be dominated by architectural treasures like Chambord or Azay-le-Rideau in France or Castle Howard in England. But North America isn’t Europe. We have had different traditions and history regarding land ownership and political and economic structures so the built environment is going to look different. Plus we just don’t have as much history, period. But that doesn’t have to minimize the accomplishments of the gifted designers and enlightened owner/builders on this side of the Atlantic. Overall, North America doesn’t compare to Europe but it’s nothing to sneeze at either.

In addition to actually being in the countryside rather than the suburbs, judging criteria included aesthetically pleasing architectural design both in the house and the surrounding landscape, including proportion and scale, curb appeal (even though none of these properties are on a curb), decorative elements, how the curated landscape (i.e., gardens) complements the house and how the landscape blends with the surrounding environment. So without further ado, here are the top 10 country properties in North America.

10th Place – Domaine Sagard

Domaine Sagard being on the ballot triggered arguments among the judges that almost resulted in fisticuffs. According to some of the judges, the remote and little-known Domaine Sagard, the only true palace in North America, clearly violated a key criteria that a country estate blend in with, and complement, the surrounding environment. Others said that while Domaine Sagard does stick out like a sore thumb in its current setting in Quebec, if you picked up Domaine Sagard, its formal gardens and out buildings and plopped it down in Virginia or somewhere else more sympathetic to its design, it would be a contender for 1st place. At any rate, the landlady got tired of the shouting and told us to shut up so Domaine Sagard, which isn’t located near anything, squeaked into 10th place as a compromise. For more on Domaine Sagard, click here.

9th Place – Wayside Manor

One of three recent builds on this list, Wayside Manor sits in Virginia’s Hunt Country near Middleburg. Judges liked the new-classicism lines and symmetry of the house, with the flanking tall chimneys, the double pediment in the central bay topped by an oculus and the projecting central block providing visual interest. The sympathetic landscaping placed this house squarely in Virginia’s bucolic countryside. They tried to ignore the asphalt driveway. For more on Wayside, click here.

8th Place – Bloedel Reserve

Judges were so enthralled by the world-class gardens of the Bainbridge Island, Washington-situated Bloedel Reserve that it was an easy choice for 8th Place. The simple, clean classical lines of the faintly Scandinavian-influenced house is just the icing on the cake. For more on the Bloedel Reserve click here.

7th Place – Lochiel

When Lochiel, which is just outside Gordonsville, Virginia, appeared on the ballot, most of our judges had never heard of it. However, little-known Lochiel won them over with its nice proportions and scale, restrained yet good-looking Georgian details such as the keystones over the windows, mellow brick construction, the row of dormers, and the beautiful setting. For more on Lochiel, click here.

6th Place – Twin Maples

The Georgian-revival design of the house at Twin Maples ticked all the boxes especially the nice proportions, the ground floor arched windows, the brick quoins and other decorative elements. The incredible gardens and landscaping which stretch for many acres around the house such as the curated wildflower meadow make this house easy on the eyes. Bonus points for being situated in northern Litchfield County, Connecticut near the impossibly cute town of Salisbury, an area so beautiful it should be illegal. For more on Twin Maples, click here.

5th Place – Monticello

Monticello still made the ballot as a country “house” even if no one has lived in it since the 1920s. If any of you still remember when you went through the house as a kid during a family vacation, it looks exactly like it would have when Thomas Jefferson lived there. A unanimous selection for the top 10, Monticello scored well for its unique fusion of Palladian and Neo-classical design, mountain-top setting, arguably the coolest vegetable garden in North America and the fact that it’s the only house which is featured on American money. For more on Monticello, click here.

4th Place – Crane Estate

What’s not to like about the Crane Estate (AKA Castle Hill) which is just outside Ipswich, Massachusetts. It won unanimous praise from the judges for its English Baroque design, nice symmetry and the cupola crowning the house was called out as a particularly nice touch. The house also features a tree-lined, grassy grand allee which frames a view of the Atlantic Ocean from the garden front of the house. The gardens at the Crane Estate continue to undergo restoration by the non-profit that owns the house so we’re thinking it may move up even higher in future contests. For more on the Crane Estate, click here.

3rd Place – Westover

The oldest house to make the Top 10 (and also the longest lived-in house at 260+ years), Westover, which sits on the James River east of Richmond, Virginia, is frequently cited as the most beautiful house in America so it’s not just our panel of judges who say so. The list of compliments thrown at Westover is long. It’s hard to design a house this big and also make it elegant, light and welcoming but the perfect proportions of Westover do just that. This is all the more remarkable when you consider that no one knows who the architect was and some suspect it was William Byrd II, who owned the property in the mid-18th century, but was not a trained architect (although it was his son that actually built the house). For more on Westover, click here.

2nd Place – High Lawn

High Lawn, near Lee, Massachusetts, is a “Vanderbilt Mansion” that is uniquely lived in by actual Vanderbilts although after 6 or 7 generations they might not look much like the original, Cornelius Vanderbilt, nor do they carry the name. Nevertheless, this branch of the Vanderbilt family created this beautiful, nicely-scaled Georgian revival house in the Berkshire hills. Our judges liked the scale of the house (much more humane than ponderous Vanderbilt colossuses such as The Breakers or Biltmore), the elegant row of dormer windows, the bas-relief sculptures on each bay in the facade, and the contrasting red brick and limestone quoins and stringcourse that break up the facade. High Lawn earned bonus points for the delicious dairy treats available from the High Lawn dairy store on the property. For more on High Lawn, click here.

1st Place – Scoville Estate

First place voting was extremely close between Scoville Estate and High Lawn (only 40 minutes apart by car). It was a tie after the first three rounds of balloting but what pushed this exquisite French Norman-design house near Salisbury, Connecticut to the title was the lovely country setting in northern Litchfield County, the beautiful but understated design elements, and the authenticity of the design (you would guess it was really in Normandy if you didn’t know better). And who wouldn’t want a real, authentic, two-tone brick turret in their courtyard? More than its competitors, this house simply exudes a relaxed, countrified yet sophisticated charm. A worthy champion. For more on Scoville, click here.

So this year’s Top 10 contest is in the books. If you disagree with the results or want to nominate another house that we don’t know about for next year, please leave a comment.

High Lawn

The Vanderbilt family is famous for incalculable wealth, gilded age mansions, blue jeans and Anderson Cooper. Many fans of gilded age mansions know about those that were built by members of the Vanderbilt clan such as the Biltmore Estate in North Carolina, The Breakers in Newport, RI or Hyde Park in New York (click here for more on Hyde Park). Most people assume that the Vanderbilt mansions have long since been converted into museums and that the Vanderbilt descendants now live like the rest of us mere mortals. Although some Vanderbilt descendants have done well in business, the arts or academia or are minor members of the English aristocracy others lead decidedly middle class lives.

The Vanderbilt fortune that was built up in the 19th century through astute investments in steamships and railroads has been so diluted through inheritance and multiple divorces or squandered on fine living throughout the decades that most contemporary Vanderbilts are merely comfortable, not filthy rich. By way of example, one of the bigger chunks of contemporary Vanderbilt money is in the hands of someone with no Vanderbilt blood at all (and potentially has never even met a Vanderbilt). A certain John Hendrickson had been working as a government official in Alaska and living in a two-bedroom condo in Anchorage when he met and married former actress and horse breeder Marylou Whitney. Marylou, in turn, had previously been the fourth and final wife of Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney and inherited $100 million when C.V. died in 1992. When Marylou (who was 40 years older than John) died in 2019, the former Alaska government employee inherited her fortune.

Due to these sorts of twists and turns, contemporary Vanderbilts mostly live in nice, but unremarkable homes. But there are a few exceptions. One truly notable exception is the home of James Spencer-Churchill, the 12th Duke of Marlborough and great grandson of the famously reluctant bride, Consuelo Vanderbilt. The Duke owns (and sometimes even lives in) England’s Blenheim Palace, which is almost twice as large, and also twice as nice, as the Biltmore Estate. For more on Biltmore, click here. On this side of the Atlantic sits a more down-to-earth exception known as High Lawn, nestled in the Berkshire Mountains near Lee, Massachusetts.

High Lawn was designed by the New York architectural firm of Delano and Aldrich and completed in 1910. It is 25,000 square feet and sits on a 1,600 acre estate. The house was a wedding present for Lila Vanderbilt Sloan, a great grand daughter of Cornelius Vanderbilt. The bas-relief sculptures above the French doors in each bay of the facade were created by Lila’s cousin, Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney. Along with the pleasing proportions, red brick, dormers and the limestone quoins, High Lawn is a striking example of Georgian revival house design. I only have one quibble: would it have killed the architect or the builder to match the chimneys visible from the front?

Cornelius Vanderbilt was known as “The Commodore” and at one time was the richest person in the United States. Cornelius started off with a single sail boat ferrying passengers between Staten Island and Manhattan, built a fleet of steamships and eventually ended up with a railroad empire with the New York Central Railroad as the centerpiece. Known to his contemporaries as crude, brutal and vulgar and barely literate, Cornelius nevertheless was a brilliant business innovator and built up a fortune that would be worth $200 billion in today’s dollars, on par with Jeff Bezos or Bill Gates. BTW, in fairness to old Corny, most of his competitors back in the day were also crude, brutal and vulgar.

Lila and her husband, William Osgood Field, used High Lawn as a vacation home and upon Lila’s death in 1934, the estate was purchased by her daughter, Marjorie Field. Marjorie and her husband, H. George Wilde, developed a dairy farm business on the property, High Lawn Farm, that has become internationally renown for breeding high quality jersey cows. The farm is still in operation to this day and can be visited by the public although High Lawn House is still a private home and not open to the public nor is the house visible from the dairy or any public road. If you do visit the dairy, stop by the store and try their purple cow milk shake.

Marjorie passed away in 1997 and the estate and farm came under the control of her son, George William “Bill” Wilde, a great great great grandchild of The Commodore. Bill, who passed away in 2013, was a graduate of Princeton and the Harvard Business School, served in the U.S. Marine Corps and was an investor in addition to being in the dairy business. Presumably, High Lawn is now controlled by his widow and heirs.

High Lawn lives on as one of the few (and probably the only) “Vanderbilt mansion” that is still lived in by a Vanderbilt, going on 115 years of continuous family ownership (140 years if you count just ownership of the land).

Just one mile north of High Lawn is another beautiful country house, The Mount, which is covered in this blog (click here for more).

Blenheim Palace in England, a “Vanderbilt Mansion” that predates the Vanderbilts by 150 years and at 301,000 square feet is almost twice as large as Biltmore. The owner is the 12th Duke of Marlborough and the great great great great grandson of the Commodore, Cornelius Vanderbilt. Hold my beer, Biltmore.
English perfection in Honington Hall in Warwickshire built in the 17th century. Could this house be the inspiration for High Lawn?