Top 10 country houses in North America

This post presents the top 10 country houses and their landscapes in North America as selected by our panel of experts. There aren’t that many true country houses in North America that embody the tradition that originated in Europe or were designed with those old-world classical architectural styles. In a contest that also encompassed Europe, the Top 10 would be dominated by architectural treasures like Chambord or Azay-le-Rideau in France or Castle Howard in England. But North America isn’t Europe. We have had different traditions and history regarding land ownership and political and economic structures so the built environment is going to look different. Plus we just don’t have as much history, period. But that doesn’t have to minimize the accomplishments of the gifted designers and enlightened owner/builders on this side of the Atlantic. Overall, North America doesn’t compare to Europe but it’s nothing to sneeze at either.

In addition to actually being in the countryside rather than the suburbs, judging criteria included aesthetically pleasing architectural design both in the house and the surrounding landscape, including proportion and scale, curb appeal (even though none of these properties are on a curb), decorative elements, how the curated landscape (i.e., gardens) complements the house and how the landscape blends with the surrounding environment. So without further ado, here are the top 10 country properties in North America.

10th Place – Domaine Sagard

Domaine Sagard being on the ballot triggered arguments among the judges that almost resulted in fisticuffs. According to some of the judges, the remote and little-known Domaine Sagard, the only true palace in North America, clearly violated a key criteria that a country estate blend in with, and complement, the surrounding environment. Others said that while Domaine Sagard does stick out like a sore thumb in its current setting in Quebec, if you picked up Domaine Sagard, its formal gardens and out buildings and plopped it down in Virginia or somewhere else more sympathetic to its design, it would be a contender for 1st place. At any rate, the landlady got tired of the shouting and told us to shut up so Domaine Sagard, which isn’t located near anything, squeaked into 10th place as a compromise. For more on Domaine Sagard, click here.

9th Place – Wayside Manor

One of three recent builds on this list, Wayside Manor sits in Virginia’s Hunt Country near Middleburg. Judges liked the new-classicism lines and symmetry of the house, with the flanking tall chimneys, the double pediment in the central bay topped by an oculus and the projecting central block providing visual interest. The sympathetic landscaping placed this house squarely in Virginia’s bucolic countryside. They tried to ignore the asphalt driveway. For more on Wayside, click here.

8th Place – Bloedel Reserve

Judges were so enthralled by the world-class gardens of the Bainbridge Island, Washington-situated Bloedel Reserve that it was an easy choice for 8th Place. The simple, clean classical lines of the faintly Scandinavian-influenced house is just the icing on the cake. For more on the Bloedel Reserve click here.

7th Place – Lochiel

When Lochiel, which is just outside Gordonsville, Virginia, appeared on the ballot, most of our judges had never heard of it. However, little-known Lochiel won them over with its nice proportions and scale, restrained yet good-looking Georgian details such as the keystones over the windows, mellow brick construction, the row of dormers, and the beautiful setting. For more on Lochiel, click here.

6th Place – Twin Maples

The Georgian-revival design of the house at Twin Maples ticked all the boxes especially the nice proportions, the ground floor arched windows, the brick quoins and other decorative elements. The incredible gardens and landscaping which stretch for many acres around the house such as the curated wildflower meadow make this house easy on the eyes. Bonus points for being situated in northern Litchfield County, Connecticut near the impossibly cute town of Salisbury, an area so beautiful it should be illegal. For more on Twin Maples, click here.

5th Place – Monticello

Monticello still made the ballot as a country “house” even if no one has lived in it since the 1920s. If any of you still remember when you went through the house as a kid during a family vacation, it looks exactly like it would have when Thomas Jefferson lived there. A unanimous selection for the top 10, Monticello scored well for its unique fusion of Palladian and Neo-classical design, mountain-top setting, arguably the coolest vegetable garden in North America and the fact that it’s the only house which is featured on American money. For more on Monticello, click here.

4th Place – Crane Estate

What’s not to like about the Crane Estate (AKA Castle Hill) which is just outside Ipswich, Massachusetts. It won unanimous praise from the judges for its English Baroque design, nice symmetry and the cupola crowning the house was called out as a particularly nice touch. The house also features a tree-lined, grassy grand allee which frames a view of the Atlantic Ocean from the garden front of the house. The gardens at the Crane Estate continue to undergo restoration by the non-profit that owns the house so we’re thinking it may move up even higher in future contests. For more on the Crane Estate, click here.

3rd Place – Westover

The oldest house to make the Top 10 (and also the longest lived-in house at 260+ years), Westover, which sits on the James River east of Richmond, Virginia, is frequently cited as the most beautiful house in America so it’s not just our panel of judges who say so. The list of compliments thrown at Westover is long. It’s hard to design a house this big and also make it elegant, light and welcoming but the perfect proportions of Westover do just that. This is all the more remarkable when you consider that no one knows who the architect was and some suspect it was William Byrd II, who owned the property in the mid-18th century, but was not a trained architect (although it was his son that actually built the house). For more on Westover, click here.

2nd Place – High Lawn

High Lawn, near Lee, Massachusetts, is a “Vanderbilt Mansion” that is uniquely lived in by actual Vanderbilts although after 6 or 7 generations they might not look much like the original, Cornelius Vanderbilt, nor do they carry the name. Nevertheless, this branch of the Vanderbilt family created this beautiful, nicely-scaled Georgian revival house in the Berkshire hills. Our judges liked the scale of the house (much more humane than ponderous Vanderbilt colossuses such as The Breakers or Biltmore), the elegant row of dormer windows, the bas-relief sculptures on each bay in the facade, and the contrasting red brick and limestone quoins and stringcourse that break up the facade. High Lawn earned bonus points for the delicious dairy treats available from the High Lawn dairy store on the property. For more on High Lawn, click here.

1st Place – Scoville Estate

First place voting was extremely close between Scoville Estate and High Lawn (only 40 minutes apart by car). It was a tie after the first three rounds of balloting but what pushed this exquisite French Norman-design house near Salisbury, Connecticut to the title was the lovely country setting in northern Litchfield County, the beautiful but understated design elements, and the authenticity of the design (you would guess it was really in Normandy if you didn’t know better). And who wouldn’t want a real, authentic, two-tone brick turret in their courtyard? More than its competitors, this house simply exudes a relaxed, countrified yet sophisticated charm. A worthy champion. For more on Scoville, click here.

So this year’s Top 10 contest is in the books. If you disagree with the results or want to nominate another house that we don’t know about for next year, please leave a comment.

Cornwall Castle

Castles are dotted all over western and Central Europe. Originally designed to defend the lord of the castle and his subjects from marauders, castles eventually were converted to strictly residential purposes and many of Europe’s castles still serve as private homes to this day. Many assorted dreamers and loonies in North America have attempted to build authentic looking castles but most attempts have failed to replicate the aesthetic and construction values of the castles of Europe.

Charlotte Bronson Hunnewell Martin, the first mistress of Hidden Valley Castle

One of the rare exceptions is a home known as Cornwall Castle located near Cornwall, Connecticut in the Litchfield Hills (AKA Hidden Valley Castle).  The castle was designed by the architect, Edward Dean, and completed in 1925 for wealthy New York socialite Charlotte Bronson Hunnewell Martin and her husband, Dr. Walton Martin, a surgeon. The castle sits on 275 acres of woodland and streams and includes several outbuildings.  Charlotte came from old Massachusetts railroading and banking money and loved the concept of European nobility so much that she and the doctor built the house in a storybook castle style.  The doctor completed the illusion by occasionally riding around the estate on a white horse wearing a red cape.  In addition to the castle, Charlotte also developed a set of row houses with a shared garden in Manhattan known as Turtle Bay Gardens. Residents of Turtle Bay have included Katherine Hepburn, composer Stephen Sondheim, famous twin Mary-Kate Olsen and the author of Charlotte’s Web, E.B. White, who allegedly named the spider after his landlord. Dr. Martin passed away in 1949 and Charlotte in 1961. Charlotte cut her only child out the will and the castle was subsequently sold.

The castle has had a series of lords since then including financier Saul Steinberg, a flashy New York financier from the 1980s era of junk bonds. Mr. Steinberg sold the castle in 1983 complaining about the bugs and insects that lived in the woods and fields around the castle and retreated back to his Manhattan co-op. Next up was former Macy’s executive, Joseph Cicio, who tried to renovate the castle, ran short of money and sold in 1988.

In 2001, Alphonse ‘Buddy’ Fletcher bought the castle. Mr. Fletcher was a New York hedge fund manager who burned through $212 million of his client’s money before declaring bankruptcy and being investigated by the SEC. Judges and officials involved in the investigations hailed from places like the Cayman Islands and Bermuda throwing a further whiff of suspicion and disrepute onto the affairs of the one-time lord of Cornwall Castle. In 2014, his lordship also fell behind on the mortgage payments and the castle was foreclosed upon in 2015.

In 2019 the castle and estate were purchased by a local Litchfield County builder and his wife for $1.6 million.  They did extensive renovations and flipped it for $3.7 million in late 2022. The castle is still a private home and is not open to the public. A video describing the property can be viewed here. Hopefully, the new lord or lady of Cornwall Castle can provide the stability and commitment that it richly deserves as potentially the preeminent example of storybook and castle architecture in North America.